An Dong, the musical's composer and the director of the Shanghai Conservatory of Music's musical theater major, says when writing the music, he tried to reflect the essence of Chang'an — a vibrant, multicultural metropolis, the inhabitants of which come from not only different ethnic groups but from around the world.

"Instead of strictly using traditional Chinese music, I adopted a fusion of worldwide cultural influences that mirrors the capital's diverse nature. It is also necessary to represent the unique musical expressions of the Tang Dynasty," An says.

While composing music that appeals to younger audiences within the framework of contemporary musical theater, he sticks to the principle of not being just a collection of catchy songs.

"This musical carries a lot of weight, and the songs must serve the storyline, fit the characters and match the profound historical ambience," he says.

The production features folk musicians onstage, who blend into the scenes with their Tang Dynasty attire and pipa (a four-stringed Chinese lute), bamboo flute and drum performances.

An agglomeration of ethnic and folk music styles is adopted. Qinqiang Opera, a traditional opera style from Shaanxi, represents the local cultural flavor. A particular song written and performed in the Yi ethnic group language represents ethnic diversity. Persian and Arabic music styles reflect ancient Silk Road economic and cultural exchanges, and Western operatic style matches the story's solemn themes.

"I thought highly of the project's subject. First, it is a captivating story with the potential of being adored globally. Second, it speaks of the love for the people and one's homeland, and the determination and resilience to protect them, which are shared values worldwide," An adds.