VI On Rights of Women and Children
The United States does not have a good record in safeguarding the rights of
women and children.
Women in the United States do not share equal rights and opportunities with
men in politics. Despite the fact that women account for 51.1 percent of the
U.S. population, they hold only 81 or 15.1 percent of the 535 seats in the 109th
U.S. Congress, including 14 or 14 percent of the 100 Senate seats and 67 or 15.4
percent of the 435 seats in the House of Representatives. Only eight (16
percent) of governors of 50 U.S. states are women. No women of color have ever
been governor of a U.S. state. Just 14 of the mayors of America's largest 100
cities are women, accounting for 14 percent of the total. By November 2005,
there were only 81 women serving in statewide executive office, 25.7 percent of
the total 315 working posts. Of the 7,382 people serving in the state
legislatures, 1,668 are women, accounting for 22.6 percent. A research by the
Inter-Parliamentary Union showed the United States ranked 61st in terms of
women's representation in national legislature or parliaments out of over 180
directly electing countries, down from the 58th in December 2003.
Women in the United States have a higher unemployment rate than men, and
lower pay for the same work. A survey by the U.S. Census Bureau said the median
earnings of women and men in 2004 were 31,223 and 40,798 U.S. dollars,
respectively. The female-to-male earnings ratio was 77 percent. Yearly earnings
of women business owners were only 49 percent of men counterparts. In 2004, the
U.S.Equal Employment Opportunity Commission received 24,249 charges of sex-based
discrimination, and 4,512 charges of pregnancy-based discrimination.
Poverty rates are highest for families headed by single women. In 2004, 28.4
percent of households headed by single women were in poverty. More and more
women and children became homeless. In the city of Pasadena, Southern
California, the number of homeless women and children reached 701 in 2005,
increasing by 42.7 percent over 2003 and accounting for 57.6 percent of the
homeless population in the city. Homeless women and children became the largest
homeless population, surpassing that of single men for the first time.
U.S. women often fall victim to domestic violence. Statistics from American
Institute on Domestic Violence showed each year in the United States 5.3 million
women are abused, and 1,232 women are killed by an intimate partner. A news
report said one out of every three American women would fall under the influence
of domestic violence in her life.
