Circular economy

During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, China comprehensively utilized about one billion tons of fly ash, 1.1 billion tons of coal slag, and 500 million tons of metallurgical slag.

By the end of 2010, China had formed a remanufacturing capacity of automobile engines, gearboxes, steering engines and electric generators, totaling 250,000 pieces (sets).

Through the efforts of all sectors, China accomplished its energy conservation goals listed in the 11th Five-Year Plan. China's energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped 19.1 percent from that of 2005 accumulatively, or a reduction of 1.46 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions.

China's national economy expanded at an average annual rate of 11.2 percent, while its energy consumption grew only 6.6 percent annually on average.

Low-carbon energy

Natural gas production increased from 49.3 billion cubic meters in 2005 to 94.8 billion cubic meters in 2010, an average annual increase of 14 percent.

In that period, China's natural gas consumption accounted for 4.3 percent of its total energy consumption, and the extraction of coal-bed methane reached 30.55 billion cubic meters, with the amount utilized reaching 11.45 billion cubic meters, equivalent to a reduction of 170 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.

Non-fossil energy

By the end of 2010, China's installed hydropower capacity had reached 213 million kw, doubling the figure for 2005. The installed nuclear power capacity had reached 10.82 million kw, with another 30.97 million kw under construction.

China's installed wind power capacity grew from 1.26 million kw in 2005 to 31.07 million kw in 2010, and installed photovoltaic power capacity increased from less than 100,000 kw in 2005 to 600,000 kw.

The number of solar water heaters in use reached 168 million square meters. The installed biomass energy capacity was about 5 million kw. With an annual utilization of methane of about 14 billion cubic meters, the total number of methane users in China reached 40 million households. Utilized ethanol bio-fuel was 1.8 million tons.

The contribution made by all types of biomass energy totaled 15 million tons of standard coal.

Increasing carbon sink

The central finance has raised the standard for afforestation investment subsidy from 100 yuan to 200 yuan per mu, and established the China Green Carbon Fund.

Currently, China's man-made forest reserve has reached 62 million hectares. Its national forest coverage has reached 195 million hectares, with the forest coverage rate rising from 18.21 percent in 2005 to 20.36 percent in 2010, and a forest stock volume of 13.721 billion cubic meters.

China's total carbon storage in forest vegetation has reached 7.811 billion tons.