Wolong's staff tracks pandas' daily activities through monitors to learn how to release them to the wild. Human contact is minimized and staffers wear panda suits when interacting with the animals, as seen on the top screen.PHOTOS BY HUO YAN / CHINA DAILY

Pandas that will live in the new base are spread across the region, with 13 staying at Wolong's old base. About 40 are in Sichuan's Dujiangyan city.

"Most will be relocated to the new Wolong," Li says, adding that about 500 of the 2,500 surrounding residents have been moved to make room for the animals. The cleared areas are being reforested.

"People were happy to move because they realize pandas are important," Li says. "And they know tourism will boom once the park reopens, bringing income opportunities."

Also, moving off the mountains makes residents safer, he adds.

Wolong's administrative bureau chief, Zhang Hemin, says buildings "swayed" and "cracked" but didn't fall in the Ya'an quake. In the 2008 disaster, one panda died and another disappeared.

"The animals have psychologically recovered (after 2008)," Li says. "Some took a month. Some took six."

Wolong's experts have been researching how quakes affect captive and wild pandas.

"This is a rare opportunity to examine this," forest engineer Zhou Shiqiang says. "The results haven't come out yet, but our hypothesis is there will be a vast difference."

Wu Daifu, director of Wolong's reintroduction department, explains: "Pandas have been dealing with disasters, such as quakes, for millions of years. The wild animals seem to have adapted, but the question is how. Captive pandas were deeply affected."

The base's bears were terrified, he recalls. Some climbed trees and did not come down until workers went up after them.

The 2008 quake presented opportunities to study and perhaps save pandas, but disrupted plans to release a second panda into the wild that year. But Wolong's researchers say they have been making progress. They are training five cubs for release and plan to let two go this year and three next year.

The breakthrough has been limiting human interaction from birth, Li says. Contact is minimized and handlers wear panda suits whenever in the creatures' sight.

The first time a panda was released at the reserve — and in the world — was in 2006. However, Xiang Xiang did not survive the winter. He was 2 years old when released and lived only about 10 months.

The second reintroduction, of a bear with less human contact, took place in October. That panda survived the cold.

"There's less food and more competition in the winter," Li says. "We can't be sure the second release will work. But, so far, so good."