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I'm Gwen Outen with the VOA Special English Development Report.
Each year, four million babies die within their first month of life,
that is more than 10,000 deaths each day, or seven each minute. Yet
several measures could prevent 75 percent of these deaths. These are the
findings in a series of four reports written by health experts from around
the world. The Lancet medical magazine published the reports this month on
its Website.
The first paper reports on the major direct causes of deaths in newborn
babies. These are infections, early birth and the loss of oxygen during
pregnancy. Southern Africa has the highest death rates but south and
central Asia have the largest number of deaths.
Researchers say two out of three of the deaths happen in 10 countries.
These include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, China, the Democratic Republic of
Congo and Ethiopia. The others are India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan and
Tanzania. The report says more than half of women in these areas give
birth at home with no help from trained health care workers.
The second report proposes 16 simple methods that could help prevent
most deaths in newborn babies. These include injections against tetanus for pregnant women and clean
conditions for births. Others are antibiotic medicine to fight infections
in newborns and breastfeeding
immediately after birth.
The third paper says there is no one solution for poor countries to
improve health care for babies. Most developing nations do not have enough
skilled health workers. The report calls for major investment to change
this. It also suggests special campaigns to prevent tetanus in pregnant
women and simple home care of small babies.
The final paper is a call to action to save lives. It says the cost is
low, but there has to be political will at national and international
levels. Currently, it says, about 2000 million dollars is spent each year
to fight infant deaths. But the 75 countries with the highest death rates
need an estimated 4000 million dollars more.
The four reports are the second part in the a child survival campaign
by The Lancet. The first, in July of 2003, examined deaths in children
under age five. There is no cost to read the reports online, but users
must register at the site. The address is the thelancet.com.
This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss.
I'm Gwen Outen. | 
