GENEVA - More than four percent of the world's population lives with depression, and women, youth and the elderly are the most prone to its disabling effects, the World Health Organization said on Thursday.

Thanks in part to longer life expectancies, an estimated 322 million people suffered depressive disorders in 2015, a rise of 18.4 percent in a decade, the United Nations agency said in a report.

Global economic losses exceed $1 trillion a year, it said, referring to lost productivity due to apathy or lack of energy that lead to an inability to function at work or cope with daily life.

"Depression is the single largest contributor to years lived with disability, so it's the top cause of disability in the world today," Dr Dan Chisholm of WHO's department of mental health and substance abuse told an international news briefing.

Depression is 1.5 times more common among women than men, he said.

A further 250 million people suffer anxiety disorders, including phobias, panic attacks, obsessive-compulsive behavior and post-traumatic stress disorder, the report said.

Some 80 percent of those stricken with mental illness live in low- and middle-income countries.

"That contradicts the notion of these disorders being diseases of the rich or the affluent, that is not the case," said Chisholm.

"In fact, in many countries people who are affected by poverty, unemployment, civil strife and conflict are actually at higher risk of certainly anxiety disorders and also depression."

Three age groups are particularly vulnerable to depression - youth, pregnant or post-partum women, and the elderly.

"The pressures on today's youth are perhaps like those of no other generation," Chisholm said.

"Another target group is women who are pregnant or have just given birth. Depression around that period is actually extremely common, around 15 percent of women will suffer not just 'the blues', but a diagnosable case of depression.

"Retirees are also susceptible. When we stop working or we lose our partner we become more frail, more subject to physical diseases and disorders like depression become more common."

Globally, an estimated 800,000 people commit suicide each year, a "pretty horrifying figure", Chisholm said.

"It is more common in males in higher income countries and in females in lower- and middle-income countries."

WHO launched a one-year campaign on depression on World Mental Health Day, Oct 10. The overall goal of the campaign is to help more people with depression seek and get help.

"We feel that is a key first step, and that if we want to bring mental health, depression and other mental disorders out of the shadows, we need to be able to talk about them," Chisholm said.

Xinhua - Reuters