3. Economic technology

The economic and technological cooperation between China and Russia has been deepening, and the mode of cooperation has also become diversified. More than 1,200 Chinese enterprises with specialization in key areas, such as energy, engineering contracting, transportation, machinery, automobiles, household appliances, communications, have established branches in Russia.

A participant stands next to bicycles during a presentation, organized by bike-sharing startup Ofo, in Moscow, Sept 22, 2017. [Photo/VCG]

Chinese bike-sharing titan Ofo Inc announced it has landed in Russian market in a press conference in Moscow on Sept 22, 2017.

Russia's President Vladimir Putin shakes hands with Executive Chairman of Alibaba Group Jack Yun Ma during a session of the Valdai Discussion Club in Sochi, Russia, Oct 19, 2017. [Photo/VCG]

The cross-border e-commerce cooperation between China and Russia has rapidly developed. AliExpress has become Russia's largest foreign e-commerce platform and launched a local business earlier this year. In 2016, the e-commerce trade volume between China and Russia amounted to about $2.3 billion, accounting for 54 percent of the total cross-border e-commerce trade volume of Russia.

Company logos of China Unicom are displayed at a news conference during the company's announcement of its annual results in Hong Kong, China, March 16, 2016. [Photo/Agencies]

China Unicom, one of China's biggest telecom companies, has set up a branch in Russia on June 6, 2017. From Sept 1, Beijing Unicom will reduce roaming fees of international cell phone calls by 52 percent on average in 17 countries and regions, including Russia.