日批在线视频_内射毛片内射国产夫妻_亚洲三级小视频_在线观看亚洲大片短视频_女性向h片资源在线观看_亚洲最大网

US EUROPE AFRICA ASIA 中文
Business / View

BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus'

By Kevin P. Gallagher (China Daily) Updated: 2014-07-15 07:20

Conveniently scheduled at the end of the World Cup, the sixth BRICS summit presents the leaders of five emerging economies a truly historic opportunity, not least because it is likely to see the establishment of a new development bank and reserve currency pool arrangement.

This move could strike a true trifecta - recharge global economic governance and the prospects for development, as well as pressure the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund to get back on the right track.

The two Bretton Woods institutions, both headquartered in Washington, originally and with good reason put financial stability, employment and development as their core missions. That focus, however, became derailed in the last quarter of the 20th century. During the 1980s and 1990s, the World Bank and the IMF pushed the "Washington Consensus", which offered countries financing but conditioned it on a doctrine of deregulation.

With the benefit of hindsight, the era of the Washington Consensus is seen as a painful one. It inflicted significant economic and political damage on the developing world. Worse, the operations of the World Bank and the IMF are perceived as rigged against emerging and developing economies. The unwritten rule that the head of the IMF is always a European and the World Bank chief always an American is only a superficial but no less grating public expression of that.

Worse still is the fact that the voting structure of both institutions is skewed toward industrialized countries - and grants the United States veto power to boot. It wasn't always that way. As Eric Helleiner shows in one of his two new books, Forgotten Foundations of Bretton Woods: International Development and the Making of the Postwar Order, China, Brazil, India and other countries wanted development goals to remain a core part of the Bretton Woods institutions. Some of their proposals eventually made it into the policy mix of the World Bank and the IMF, including short-term financing, capital controls and policy space for industrial policy.

BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus' BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus'
Shanghai most likely headquarters for BRICS development bank World Bank head says new entrants 'will be welcome' 

Previous Page 1 2 Next Page

Hot Topics

Editor's Picks
...
...
主站蜘蛛池模板: 一区二区美女 | 日韩精品网 | 中文字幕一区二区三区av | 91av视频在线播放 | 在线播放精品 | 麻生希在线播放 | 久久影院一区二区 | 日本一区二区三区中文字幕 | 成人免费三级 | 国产成人久久精品麻豆二区 | 欧美成人手机在线 | 视频一区在线播放 | 中文字幕精品在线播放 | 日韩欧美视频免费观看 | 日本黄在线观看 | 99精品一区二区三区 | 日韩一区二区三区免费观看 | 国产婷婷色综合av蜜臀av | 国产男女视频 | 欧美综合久久 | 日本黄色激情视频 | 亚洲福利视频一区 | 99精品亚洲| 久久久夜色精品 | 久久aⅴ国产欧美74aaa | 一区二区三区四区五区视频 | av网站免费在线 | 成人午夜激情视频 | 国产日韩欧美日韩大片 | 国产一区二区在线免费 | 久久性生活 | 成人做爰www免费看视频网站 | 日韩中文字幕av | 超碰94| 欧美黑粗大 | 亚洲天堂8| 欧美成人免费观看视频 | 伊人成人在线 | 在线看国产 | 一区二区www| 成人黄色免费在线观看 |